Hello Jason,
Thanks for writing in!
Using the Layout Builder, you can create an Archive page which can be assigned to your search results page. In the custom Search Results page, you can divide it into two columns to have a sidebar and a content area to display the search result items. On the sidebar, you can actually use a Widget Area element and then select which Sidebar to display. You can go to Appearrance > Sidebars and create a custom sidebar area. To add any widgets to the newly created sidebar area, simply go to Appearance > Widgets and look for the name you have created for the sidebar area so you can insert any widgets you need. The sidebar name will also needs to be assigned in the Widget Area in your custom search result layout.
Hope this makes sense.